Due to a variety of factors, this action resulted in a power surge at the base of the reactor which brought about the rupture of reactor components and the loss of coolant. Upon successful completion of the test, the reactor was then shut down for maintenance. Following an accidental drop in reactor power to near-zero, the operators restarted the reactor in preparation for the turbine test with a prohibited control rod configuration. The accident occurred during a test of the steam turbine's ability to power the emergency feedwater pumps in the event of a simultaneous loss of external power and coolant pipe rupture.

The initial emergency response and subsequent mitigation efforts involved more than 500,000 personnel and cost an estimated 18 billion roubles-roughly US$68 billion in 2019, adjusted for inflation. It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents rated at seven-the maximum severity-on the International Nuclear Event Scale, the other being the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan. The Chernobyl disaster began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR, close to the border with the Byelorussian SSR, in the Soviet Union. (for more details, see Deaths due to the disaster)

(now Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine)Ģ killed by debris and 28 killed by acute radiation sickness.ġ5 terminal cases of thyroid cancer, with varying estimates of increased cancer mortality over subsequent decades

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